PREAMBLE WE, THE PEOPLE OF MORIEL, exercising our right to creation, establish the present Constitution of the Federal Republic of Moriel. With this Constitution, we affirm our common objective of developing a coexistence framework of the nations that make up Moriel, to preserve our traditional values, our culture and our way of life. Moriel is an amalgam of cultures and national identities that make it great through difference.
Article 1. Community form.
Moriel is a democratic and social voluntary community with a republican form of government. Its capital is Barkai.
The Community will guarantee the freedom to practice religious rituals. Spanish and hebrew are the official languages, while other linguistic minorities will be protected.
Article 2. Constitution, Human Rights and International Public Law. This Constitution is the supreme norm of the Community; It is binding for the entire Community. The norms of public international law and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights are part of the internal norm of the Community.
Article 3. Official symbols of the Community.
The official flag of Moriel is composed of three vertical bands of yellow, white and black. On the flag is the official coat of arms of the Community, composed of the emblem of the Senate, in its interior six spheres in vertical form in two rows.
Chapter II. Objectives and community sovereignty.
Article 4. Objectives of the Community. Are the objectives of the Community:
1. Promote social justice, equal opportunities and equality before the Law of all citizens. Promote the solidarity and cooperation of all people based on common welfare and community unity.
2. Guarantee the effective fulfillment of human rights.
3. Promote the culture and creations of nations and citizens.
4. Promote information and scientific dissemination to ensure the best possible quality of life for citizens.
5. Promote permanent training and access to general culture.
6. Develop elements of social welfare.
7. Promote the protection of the environment and the sustainability of the environment where citizens reside.
8. Promote entertainment and leisure activities for all citizens.
Article 5. Community sovereignty.
The Sovereignty of Moriel covers all private properties ceded by its citizens. 6
Article 6. Pacifism and conflict resolution.
1. Moriel is a peaceful community where conflicts are resolved through dialogue and consensus. Any activity or action that aims to prepare violent acts or armed conflicts is unconstitutional, unless there is a very serious danger due to the external threat of community survival.
2. Conflicts and disputes between public and private institutions or citizens of the Community will be resolved through Justice.
3. The Community will guarantee protection against terrorism, extremism and emergency situations. Chapter III. Community organization.
Article 7. Family, children and the elderly.
The family is the basis of the Community and, therefore, is protected by the Community. The Community will protect and promote marriage, life and motherhood. Children and the elderly will receive special attention and protection in the nation.
Article 8. Public charges democratically elected.
1. Except in emergency situations, all public positions will be elected in processes open to all citizens, being of legal age, with no criminal record, participating in direct, free, equal and secret suffrages. 2. The elected officials are subject only to their conscience. All elected officials serve the community as a whole and not just their voters.
Article 9. Bases of the Community.
1. The Community is governed by the strict separation of the Executive, Legislative and Judicial powers. Exercising a position of responsibility in one of the powers is incompatible with exercising it in any other. Exercising a position of responsibility in any public institution is incompatible with exercising it in another, it is also incompatible to hold positions of responsibility in public institutions and depend on any salaried, private or public office. Exercising positions of responsibility in public institutions is incompatible with belonging to community security forces. 7
2. The Community is organized through States. Its structure, organization and management will be in accordance with democratic parameters.
Article 10. Community States.
1. Any regulation that has not been granted to the Community by the Constitution is the responsibility of the States.
2. A State will have to grant powers to a municipality in order to promote efficiency and closeness in management. 3. Both the Community and the States and Municipalities must be in solidarity with each other and assist each other.
Article 11. Senate. 1. The nations of the Community will be represented in the Senate of the Republic.
2. The Senate of the Republic will be made up of 10 seats. Each nation will be represented in proportion to the percentage of citizens with voting rights that they have registered.
3. The Senators will serve for a term of two years; they can be reelected.
4. The Senate will be informed immediately about any session in the Federal Congress, as well as about any initiative presented before the Federal Congress. Senators have the right to participate in sessions of the Federal Congress.
Article 12. Powers of the Federal Government.
1. The Federal Government has powers in the following matters:
1) Defense and Security of the Community and citizens.
2) Diplomatic relations.
3) Regulation of barter and economy activities.
4) Transit in the territories of the Community and Infrastructure.
5) Elaboration of General Budgets.
6) Regulation in legal, procedural, commercial, private and procedural matters.
7) Regulation in educational matters.
8) Any type of scope and area that is related to those listed or affects the general interest of the Community.
8 2. The Community may assign powers to external and higher bodies, provided that it guarantees independence and maneuverability in defense of the general community interest.
Article 13. Leadership of the Community.
1. The Presidency of the Republic acts as Head of the Community. Directs diplomatic relations, representation of the Community abroad and other representative functions of the Community.
2. The Presidency and the Vice Presidency of the Republic will be elected in the Federal Congress at the beginning of each term.
3. All persons over the age of thirty who have community citizenship will be eligible as candidates for the Presidency of the Republic.
4. Before taking office, the Presidency and the Vice Presidency will pronounce the following oath or affirmation: "I swear - I promise to maintain order, the Law and the traditions of the Republic while I am healthy for it".
5. The Presidency is not responsible for acts committed in the exercise of their office, except in cases of high treason. It can only be accused by the Federal Congress and judged by the Supreme Court.
Article 14. Federal Government.
1. The executive power in the Community is exercised by the Federal Government.
2. The Presidency directs the action of the Federal Government. The Presidency freely chooses its Ministers.
Article 15. Dismissal of the Presidency of the Republic.
1. A destitution vote of the Presidency of the Republic may be promoted by 10% of the census.
2. If an impeachment vote is promoted, it will be held at the Community Congress.
3. If a presidential destitution is approved, new legislative elections will be held immediately. 9
Article 16. Deficit zero. It is the responsibility of the Federal Government to maintain sound accounts avoiding at all times that the Community enters losses or loses independence through credits or debts.
Article 17. Federal Congress.
1. The Federal Congress exercises legislative power in the Republic.
2. The Federal Congress will be made up of 20 seats. The Congressmen will be elected by the citizens of the Community. Each nation will choose as many Congressmen as a percentage in the census. The Congressmen will practice for three years.
3. Any congressional candidate may appeal an election result to the Supreme Court.
4. The Federal Congress will organize its ordinary and extraordinary sessions debating for a maximum period of 48 hours any initiative presented by a Congressman or by 10% of the census of the Republic.
5. Members of Congress who do not speak before an initiative during the debate period may not exercise their right to vote on the initiative.
6. The voting of the initiatives will be held 72 hours after having registered one in the Federal Congress.
7. The Federal Congress will elect a Presidency and a Vice Presidency to manage the debates and votes.
Article 18. Rights of the Congressmen.
1. Congressmen are only bound by their conscience.
2. No Congressman may be subject to judicial process or disciplinary measures for their votes or for statements made in the exercise of their office.
3. Only the Federal Congress can demand accounts or the arrest of any Congressman.
4. Members of Congress will receive adequate remuneration for their livelihood in accordance with the sustainability of public accounts. 10
Article 19. Modify the Constitution.
Any initiative or law that modifies the Constitution will require a qualified majority. Any initiative or Law that does not comply with the provisions of the Constitution will be null.
Article 20. Bill of General Budgets.
1. The bill of General Budgets will be annual and will be presented by the Presidency of the Republic.
2. The proposal of General Budgets can not be submitted to a referendum.
Article 21. Diplomatic treaties.
1. The Presidency of the Republic signs treaties with other entities.
2. The Federal Congress will have to ratify or reject treaties with other entities.
3. Any treaty that is not ratified within 7 working days of its approval will be revoked by the Presidency of the Republic.
Article 22. Federal Decrees. 1. Ministers can approve Federal Decrees on a specific topic.
2. The Federal Decrees do not need to be ratified by the Federal Congress.
Article 23. State of Emergency.
1. The Presidency of the Republic is empowered to adopt security and defense measures in the event of a serious and imminent threat to the federal unity and the survival of the Community.
2. The Federal Congress must approve or reject emergency measures within a period of no more than 7 business days. The Presidency of the Republic is obliged to comply with the approval of the Federal Congress.
Article 24. Ombudsman. In the electoral process, the citizens of the Community will elect an Ombudsman whose task will be to guarantee the safeguarding of fundamental rights and freedoms and to control the effective fulfillment of the Constitution in the Republic. 11
Article 25. Courts of Justice.
1. The judiciary will be exercised by independent courts, whose judges will be elected in the Federal Assembly.
2. The judges will be independent and their term will end when they retire or lose their electoral rights.
Article 26. Supreme Court.
1. The Supreme Court will decide on any matter related to the Constitution.
2. The following will be powers of the Supreme Court:
A. Any controversy between public institutions of the Republic in relation to their competences and management.
B. Any challenge to public institutions, courts or a third of the Congress or Senators against the constitutionality of a law.
C. Any complaint of individuals or groups about violation of constitutional rights.
D. The objections of the Ombudsman.
E. Appeals before the Justice. F. Any case attributed by the laws.
3. Any decision of the Supreme Court is directly binding for all the institutions of the Republic.
4. The term of office of the magistrates of the Supreme Court shall not exceed 5 years.
Article 27. Federal Courts.
1. Federal courts have supreme jurisdiction over review and matters assigned by law.
2. There will be separate federal courts for private law, criminal law and general public law.
3. The Supreme Court will decide by review any inconsistent application of the laws by the federal courts. 12
Chapter IV. Rights and Fundamental Obligations.
Article 28. Fundamental freedoms. Everyone has the right to respect their human dignity, their religious, political or ethical beliefs. No one can be forced to testify about their religious or political beliefs.
Article 29. Private property. The Community will guarantee the acquisition and transfer of private property, work and equal opportunities in all areas. Private property can not be expropriated without due compensation.
Article 30. Defense of the Community. All citizens of the Community have the duty to protect their country, preserve national unity and respect the democratic constitutional system of the Republic.
Article 31. Privacy.
All citizens of the Community have the right to privacy of personal data. The privacy of any citizen will not be compromised except with prior judicial authorization in criminal investigation procedures.
Article 32. Political parties and associations.
The Community will guarantee the freedom to establish political parties, associations and other organizations of civil society, and will adopt a statute for its regulation. Associations or secret or armed societies that conflict with public order or public morals or otherwise threaten the Community or the integrity of the territory of the Republic are prohibited.
Article 33. Equality of rights for foreigners.
Constitutional rights apply to all people, both those with community citizenship and foreign citizens.
Article 34. Freedom of movement, torture and corporal punishment.
1. Everyone has the right to life and physical integrity.
2. Any citizen is free to move around the territories of the Community.
3. Corporal punishment, capital punishment and torture are prohibited. 13
Article 35. Wills and inheritances.
Everyone can make a will and inherit.
Article 36. Freedom of information and expression.
1. Anyone has the right to express themselves in freedom and to spread their opinions freely.
2. Freedom of the press and the media are guaranteed.
3. Censorship is suppressed.
4. Access to obtain free information through public means of communication will be guaranteed.
Article 37. Freedoms of work.
1. Everyone has the freedom to choose their profession.
2. The work is not mandatory. Any forced labor is prohibited.
Article 38. Freedom of research, arts, entertainment and education.
1. The right to research and carry out scientific activities will be guaranteed.
2. The means and opportunities to create artistic works and entertainment activities will be guaranteed.
3. The right to organize training courses and to participate in them will be guaranteed.
Article 39. Rights of voters.
1. Any citizen with 18 years of age, who does not have a criminal record and possesses community citizenship can participate and be elected in electoral processes of the Community.
2. Voting is not mandatory.
Article 40. Written requests of citizens.
1. Any citizen can send written requests to public institutions, governments and parliaments of the Community.
2. Written requests from citizens must be answered within a period not exceeding 15 business days.
Article 41. Waiver of community citizenship.
1. Anyone can renounce their community citizenship at any time.
2. No person can be forced to renounce his citizenship.
Article 42. Right of self-determination.
1. Any proposed referendum on the membership of a nation or region to the Community will have to have a minimum support of 50% of the census of the corresponding territory.
2. The Community will guarantee the right to self-determination.
3. The results of a referendum on self-determination are mandatory for both the corresponding territory and the Community.
4. A referendum of self-determination will have to receive a qualified majority to decide not to belong to the Community. In case of not receiving the qualified majority, a new referendum of self-determination in the corresponding territory can not be held within a period of 1 year.
Article 43. Parenting rights.
1. Parents have the right to raise and educate their children according to their own values.
2. Parents have the right to decide what kind of education their children receive.
Article 44. Access to courts.
1. Anyone can appeal to the courts.
2. Exceptional courts are prohibited.
3. Every person can appeal against a judge, juror or magistrate if he considers that he can incur a conflict of interest.
Article 45. Legal proceedings.
1. Any person will have a fair trial. Evidence obtained by illegal methods will not be admitted. Anyone can access the reports that are part of the judicial process in which they are immersed.
2. Every person will be judged by a popular jury chosen by lot.
3. No person shall be deprived of liberties or property without having a legal process.
4. Laws that apply retroactivity are prohibited.
5. No person can be judged by the same act more than once. 15
6. Only judges or magistrates can accuse, quote or issue orders.
7. Every accused person has the right to a speedy, public trial, to the presumption of innocence, not to testify against himself, to be immediately informed about the reason for accusation and to remain silent, to a defense lawyer and to communicate with family members.
8. Any convicted person who is innocent must be publicly repaired and compensated.
Article 46. Extradition. No community citizen may be extradited or surrendered to a foreign authority.
Article 47. Permanent banishment.
1. Any citizen or foreigner who incurs possession or use of drugs that result in an imminent danger to public health or physically assaults any person in community territories will be banished from the Community.
2. People who have been exiled for possession or use of drugs or who have physically assaulted any citizen in community territories may not re-enter community territories.
